Nozzle



June 21, 1949. I Y F.1BOEHM 2,473,674

' l NozzLE y Filed Nov. 25, 1944 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Patented June 21, 1949STATES @iE-*FIC El ams-,ere

NOZZIZE Frederick- Bnemm. Philadelphia. rag. assigner tu Sclutte andzKbertng Cmpznyyllladelphiag. Ba., a corporation.- of?ennsylvaniafvApplication .November 25, 13&4S.eria1No:.565;0578

@Claims` (Cl. 2991-117?? ThisY invention relates to" nozzlesl and.` has;particular reference.` to the type'l of nozzle producing a conical sprayof liquid;

The' conical sprays produced: byV nozzles generally' have theirl cone;angles. defined" by spiral guider members, slottedJ plugs ortangentialchannnels' inside* ther nozzles. These guide members have heretoforegenerallyL been; cast and since they'must be'smoothly finished' toprevent energy losses in the nozzles, a process whichmust-beaccomplished byv handmrmac'liine'work, they have been arelatively expensive partof the. nozzle: Furthermore; ifiaparticular'nozzl'e is to` be cap.- able. to providing sprays ofdifferent angles;.itiis necessary* to replace the guide n-rembersvsince. each is capable of, dening only onecone angle.

'In accordance with the present' invention'. a spiral guidel i'sprovided"v whichisN of* simple construction evenA in` its preferred.adjustabley form; Brie'y; the: guideJ is-A made'- up' ofi stacked? discsprovided with radially extending spokes, which discs; when assembledwith these spokes displaced'v progressively about theaxis, will;v denne:spiral v passages for `the-guidance ofi the liquid-'asitapproaches-theoutlet ofthe nozzle. In one formoff the inventionprovision` is made for changing:v

the angular relationships ofthe discs thereby" t'o providespiralpassages of' adjustable.: pitch; The: inventioni however, isalsoadapted to' thev productionof.' aik spirali guid'e of xed'VY pitch;this` hav= ing they advantage of` simplicityoi1 construction` andinvolving thepossibility of'r` makingA guidesI of different fixed'pitchesA using for all off' themv identical stampings andmerelyproviding to de'- 'ne thev diffrent pitches; centralmem'bershavfing no' more than spiral4 groovesI of' differentr pitches provided:therein.

The objectsv of' the'- invention relate primarily to theA general.featuresmentione'd'. above. Other' objects of' theinvention particularlyrelating., tov details'of constructionwillbe apparent; from thefollowingJ description' react in conjunction. withthe'accompanying-drawings'in which:

Figure-l is an'axial section through a preferred embodiment of theinvention in the form: ofi a' nozzler havingr a variablef pitch'guidewayI for the liquid;

Figure 2` isx av transverse sectionA taken on'v the plane; the tracev ofwhich i'sindicated? at 2"-2 in Figuren,

Figure-3 i'sf a'f transverse section' similar-toile:-

ure" 2 but showing the spiral havingl a relatively" small pitch aslcompared with Figure 2i in which the pitch is' infinite;.

Figure| 4e is' anl elevations of' theupper' portion- 2: oil'. the.lnozzle. showing. index. markings-` whereby an user. may determine, theangle.. of sprayA or st'neaml.which` will', be. produced;

Figure.. 5, is. a` diagrammatic4 perspective view illustrating the.fashion. in. which the. pitches.` of the. various stampings are.controlled;

Figure. 6 is: an` axial, section. through. a. nozzle providedi. in;accordance with. the.. invention. but having. a guide-of xedpitch;

Figure 7 is a perspectiveI View.. showing; the stampingsusedin. the.arrangement oiIFigureaG;

Figure; 8.. is. an. axial'. section through. still ane` other: form. of;nozzle. having ant adj ustable; guide way, buti'nv. which. the. control.of. the. adjustment takes a. difrentlform; and

Figure.. Si. is., a. section.. taken.. through. the noz`V zle.. of."Figure 8 and. showing. in.. particular the meansA controlling-1. thepitch.

Referring. firstA to the` modification shown; in Figures Ito. 5,. the.body ofthe nozzle. isindicated at' ZLthreadedlat 4. for. attachment.to.v a. pipe; A cap. member 6`th1teaded externally.v tothebody isarrangedtoA clamp in position the conical partl ofr the nozzle.

Elements I0 inthe form of stampings are adapted to be stackedin, thenozzle. as indicated. in'- Figure 1".. Each. of these comprises-acircular periphery IZ joined by arms or spokes I.4 to aV hub portion i6'providedwitha central opening. Thesesta'mpingsare desirably of quitethin sheet metal; the thickness of. whichis substantially. ex'-aggeratedlinFigure. 1. The stack of stampings is supported.' on. theinwardly directed ange I8y withintlie body 2 and.v isclamped,betweenthis ange andthe.. inwardly directediiange Zllat the base; ofthe.conical. portion.: of the nozzle, Passing throughthe central openings ofthe stampings is the. shank. 22` offthefconicalguide. 214,. a washer 2.6andi'. cotter pin 23S holding the4 stampings on' the shan'lzbeneaththebaseof the.conef24.A In the flanges 18T: and 2'0. are. holesSil and. 32 of` corresponding. angular spacingmfor example. 90, forthejv reception. of. wires or tightly wound small spiral'. springsv 34which. are. threaded. through corresponding holes. in` thestampings Onthe conical portion .8/ of the nozzle. there. areprovded index-markingssuch as Slwhich may bebrought into, alignment with a xedindexmarking.(not shown) on thebody 2' ofthe nozzle..

I the; openings 32 in the .l flange. 2 (l are. aligned axiallxwith theopenings 30inthe. ange, I.8'in which; case the zero. markingi oi` the;index. Sli is aligned withv the zero. index. on` the; nozzle body, the`wires' or equivalent elements 3.4. will; ber parallel to the nozzle axisandtliestampingswill' be so aligned that their spokes or arms I4 willform radially extending walls thereby dening passages of infinite pitch.Under such conditions no rotation will be imparted to the liquid owingthrough the nozzle and there will emerge from the nozzle a solid streamof the liquid having a zero cone angle. lWhen such adjustment is eiectedit is, of course, maintained merely by tightening down the collar 6.

If, however, the conical part 8 of the nozzle is rotated with respect tothe body 2 the openings 32 and 3U will be angularly misaligned with theresult that the guide elements 34 will be constrained to take spiralpositions, the pitch of which will depend upon the degree of angulardisplacement of the elements 8 and 2. Inasmuch as the Wires or spiralsprings or the like preclude the presence of sharp angles along theirlengths, the stampings will be displaced at progressive small anglesrelative to each other thereby providing spiral passages deiined by theedges of the radial arms Ill such as indicated at 38 in Figure 3. Itwill be evident that the passage walls will actually be in the form ofsteps. If the stampings, however, are very thin these steps will becorrespondingly small and reasonably smooth guide passages will beprovided quite comparable with those heretofore existing in the case ofthe cast spiral guides followed by ordinary smoothing by hand filing.

3ft will be evident that a large variety of pitches may be achieved byadjustment inthe fashion described, any particular adjustmentbeing'maintained by the clamp action of the collar which is freed forthe purpose of making an adjustment. The index markings 36 may becalibrated in terms oi the cone angles of the spray produced in thevarious adjustments. While in the particular type of nozzle illustratedthe cone will be of the socalled hollow type it will be evident that theinvention is applicable to any type of spray nozzle where adjustment ofthe spray may beV effected by the presence of guides of diiierentpitches.

The type of spiral guide which has been described may obviously be ofxed pitch and this possibility leads to a simple nozzle constructionsuch as illustrated in Figures 6 and 7. In this modification a body 2 isassembled with the conical part 42 of the nozzle and clamped betweenthem is a stack of discs 8 of the same general type as heretoforedescribed, being in the form of thin stampings provided with radial armsconnecting peripheral and central portions. These discs are assembledupon the shank of the cone IM, between the base of the cone and a washer52 held in position by a cotter pin 54. A spiral groove IE6 formed inthe shank serves to receive small projections 56 extending inwardly intothe central openings of the stampings. When the stampings are located onthe shank, therefore, they will have progressive angular relationshipsto denne a spiral guide passage having a pitch corresponding to that ofthe groove 46. It will be evident that the angular location of thesestampings may be dei'lned by interconnection of any elements on thestampings with a spiral member which specically shown as a groove 46.

The advantage of an arrangement such as that of Figures 6 and 7 lies inthe fact that stampings of the type indicated in Figure 7 may beidentical for nozzles having xed spirals of a greater variety olpitches, since the pitch of the final spiral passages is determinedsimply by the pitch of a groove such as 46.

Whether a xed or adjustable spiral is provided it will be evident thatthe invention may take numerous forms. Figures 8 and 9 illustrate afurther modification of the invention in which an adjustable spiral isprovided. In this case the conical nozzle part 56 and body 58 areassembled as in Figure 1 through the medium of a collar or cap 66. Adisc 62 is located belowthe conical part 56, for example by pins toprevent angular displacement relative thereto. This disc 62 may carrythe central conical guide 64. Similarly, another element 66 is pinned orlikewise secured to the part 58. There are provided non-circularopenings in the elements 62 and 66, and extending through these openingsis an elastic or deformable element such as may be constituted by arubber non-circular strip or preferably by a bundle of wires such as 63having a non-circular enveloping cross-section. Stampings 10 of the samegeneral type as those illustrated in the rst modification are providedwith a corresponding non-circular opening such as 69 so as to receivethe assembly of the elements such as 68. It will be evident that in thismodification as in the one first described relative rotation of the coneelement 56 and the body 58 will provide a progressive spiral in thecentral guide member providing a corresponding spiral arrangement of theradial arms of the stampings and thus defining spiral guide passages.for the liquid.

It will be clear that the invention may take `numerous other formswithout departing from the scope thereof as defined in the followingclaims.

What I claim and desire to protect by Letters Patent is:

l. A nozzle comprising a body having a pair of relatively angularlydisplaceable members and having a passage for iiuid therethrough, meansdeiining helical portions of said passage comprising a series of thinelements having outwardly extending arms, the arms of the elements beingprogressively angularly displaceable to provide helical bounding wallsfor said portions oi the passage, means interconnecting said members andsaid thin elements and adapted to assume helical shapes of pitchesdependent upon the relative angular displacements of said members,thereby to control the pitch of said helical portions of said passages,said interconnecting means comprising flexible members passing throughopenings in the peripheral portions of said thin elements, and means tosecure said elements between said body members.

2. A nozzle comprising a body having a passage for uid therethrough, aseries of thin elements each comprising an outer and inner annulusconnected by arms and capable of being progressively angularly displacedwhereby said arms form helical bounding walls for portions of saidpassage, flexible means passing through openings in the outer annuli ofsaid elements for controlling the progressive angular displacements ofsaid elements and means to secure said elements in the body.

3. A nozzle comprising a body having a pair of relatively angularlydisplaceable members and having a passage for fluid therethrough, aseries of thin elements each comprising an inner and outer annulusconnected by arms, said elements being progressively angularlydisplaceable whereby said arms form helical bounding walls for portionsof said passage for fluid, flexible means interconnecting said membersand the outer annuli of said thin elements and adapted to assume helicalshapes of pitches dependent upon the relative 5 angular displacements ofsaid members thereby to control the pitch of said helical portions ofsaid passages and means to secure said body members and elements inadjusted positions.

4. A nozzle comprising a body having a pair of relatively angularlydisplaceable membersand having a passage vfor fluid therethrough, aseries of thin elements each comprising an inner and an outer annulusconnected by arms, said thin elements being progressively angularlydisplaceable whereby said arms form helical bounding walls for portionsof said passage, means interconnecting said members and said thinelements and adapted to assume helical shapes of pitches dependentuponfthe relative angular displacements of said members thereby tocontrol the pitch of said helical portions of said passages, saidinterconnecting means comprising a plurality of flexible members passingthrough openings in the outer annuli of said elements and into said bodymembers and means to secure said elements between said body members.

FREDERICK BOEHM.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file ofthis patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS

